> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://manual.minimal.audio/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://manual.minimal.audio/current-manual/modulation/keyboard-and-mpe-modulators.md).

# Keyboard & MPE Modulators

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### Overview

The keyboard and MPE modulators offer modulation sources for standard MIDI sources like velocity and pitch bend, as well as MPE-specific sources such as Slide and Press.

Each source can be restricted to a specific range, and its response can be adjusted from exponential to logarithmic to achieve the exact type of response required.<br>

Note that these modulators are not pre-assigned to any parameters.

<figure><img src="/files/zTGrtz728sEJZDu06paz" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>

***

### 1. Keyboard Mode

Choose between **Standard** and **MPE** keyboard modes:

* **Standard.** Classic MIDI keyboard controls, such as velocity and mod wheel.
* **MPE.** Offers all available polyphonic expression values, such as glide and pressure.

While you can use an **MPE** controller in **Standard** mode and vice versa, it’s recommended to adjust the setting to match your controller to enable all associated features.

***

### 2. Range Controls

Each keyboard modulation source's response can be customized to best suit your patch and playing style. Simply click and drag the circular handles to adjust the input and output ranges, and drag the diagonal line to shift the curve from exponential to logarithmic.

You can also set these ranges using the text values at the bottom, which is helpful when you need precise control.

**Input Min.** Set the input value that results in the minimum output. This is useful for focusing the key modulator on a specific range of input values.

**Input Max.** Set the input value that results in the maximum output. This helps to narrow the key modulator’s focus to a particular range of input values.

**Output Min.** Set the minimum modulation value. This can be used to attenuate and offset the key modulator value before it affects any parameters.

**Ouput Max.** Set the maximum modulation value. This also attenuates and offsets the key modulator value before it influences any parameters.


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